ANALISIS NIAT ADOPSI CHATGPT AI UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN DI PERGURUAN TINGGI: PENDEKATAN INTEGRATIF TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL DAN TECHNOLOGY-USER-ENVIRONMENT

Aidha Sofia Rahmah, Grandys Frieska Prassida

Abstract


Kemajuan pesat teknologi artificial intelligence (AI), khususnya ChatGPT, telah mengubah praktik pembelajaran di pendidikan tinggi. Namun, sejauh mana mahasiswa menerima teknologi ini masih sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi psikologis, teknologi, dan lingkungan. Studi ini menyelidiki faktor-faktor penentu niat mahasiswa untuk mengadopsi ChatGPT di Jawa Timur dengan mengintegrasikan Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) dan Technology–User–Environment (TUE). Survei kuantitatif dilakukan terhadap 240 mahasiswa yang aktif menggunakan ChatGPT, dan data dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) dengan SmartPLS. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa faktor teknologi dan lingkungan memberikan pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap sikap mahasiswa terhadap penggunaan alat generatif, yang pada gilirannya membentuk niat mereka untuk mengadopsinya. Sebaliknya, faktor yang berkaitan dengan pengguna tidak secara langsung memengaruhi sikap maupun niat adopsi. Analisis mediasi lebih lanjut menunjukkan bahwa sikap terhadap penggunaan ChatGPT memediasi hubungan antara faktor teknologi dan lingkungan dengan niat adopsi, tetapi tidak memediasi hubungan yang melibatkan faktor pengguna. Secara teoritis, studi ini memperkuat penerapan gabungan TAM dan TUE dalam menjelaskan adopsi teknologi generatif di pendidikan tinggi. Dari sudut pandang praktis, hasil penelitian ini menggarisbawahi peran penting infrastruktur teknologi yang kuat dan lingkungan akademik yang mendukung dalam menumbuhkan sikap positif mahasiswa terhadap penggunaan ChatGPT yang berkelanjutan.

Keywords


Adopsi Kecerdasan Buatan; ChatGPT; Tech-nology Acceptance Model; Pendidikan Tinggi; Technology–User–Environment

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29100/jipi.v11i3.10129

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JIPI (Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian dan Pembelajaran Informatika)
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