DEVELOPMENT OF A PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING BOOKLET SUPPORTED BY AUGMENTED REALITY FOR HIGH SCHOOLS
Abstract
This research is motivated by the need for learning media that can help students understand abstract and microscopic Virus material through systematic visual presentation. This research aims to develop a Problem-Based Learning (PBL)-based Booklet assisted by Augmented Reality (AR) on Virus material for Grade X high school students. This research uses the Development Research method with the Plomp development model, limited to the prototyping phase. Subjects were five validators and Grade X students. Data were obtained using expert validation sheets and student practicality questionnaires, analyzed descriptively by percentage calculations. PBL and AR combine problem-oriented learning activities with interactive visualization of abstract and microscopic Virus structures, as an alternative to conventional media. The booklet achieved 96% feasibility, categorized as very feasible, while the practicality test obtained 89%, categorized as very practical. However, this research was limited to measuring the feasibility and practicality of the developed booklet and did not directly examine improvements in students’ conceptual understanding or problem-solving abilities. Thus, the AR-assisted PBL-based booklet met the criteria of being very feasible and very practical as a supporting medium for learning Virus material for Grade X high school students, while its effectiveness in improving conceptual understanding and problem-solving abilities requires further investigation.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ami, M. S., & Bahrudin, B. S. (2024). Validation of Viral Batik Motifs as a Biology Learning Medium. Diklabio: Journal of Biology Education and Learning, 8(1), 30–41. https://doi.org/10.33369/diklabio.8.1.30-41
Andini, N. A., & Saifuddin, M. F. (2023). Learning Media Of Digital Booklets For Class VIII Junior High School. Biosphere: Journal of Biology Education, 16(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.21009/biosferjpb.25457
Andriani, D., Noorhayati, & Halang, B. (2025). Validity of Teaching Materials in the Form of E-Booklet Subtopic of Needle Replication Process Based on Problem Based Learning in High School Class X. BIOEEDUCATION (Journal of Biology Education), 16(1).
As-Sahra, S. A., & Rusmini. (2025). Journal of Mathematics and Science Education Research. JPPMS, 9(2). http://journal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jppms/
Aziziy, N. Y., Ghofur, A., & Rasyid, A. (2025). 4C Skills in Indonesian Education: An Analysis of the Mediation Role between Collaborative, Communicative, Critical and Creative Dimensions. Indonesian Educator Scientific Journal, 4(2), 206–222.
Buchner, J., Buntins, K., & Kerres, M. (2022). The Impact Of Augmented Reality On Cognitive Load And Performance: A Systematic Review. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 38(1), 285–303. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12617
Ernanda, M., Suharsono, S., & Triyanto, S. A. (2022). The Effect of Implementing Problem Based Learning in Lesson Study on Students Critical Thinking Skills. Bioeducation: Journal of Biology Education, 15(2), 112–125. https://doi.org/10.20961/bioedukasi-uns.v15i2.61383
Fajriani, N. D., Widodo, A., & Rochintaniawati, D. (2021). The Use of Augmented Reality to Facilitate Changes in Students' Conceptual Representations of the Endocrine System and Conceptual Mastery. Journal of Biology Education, 12(3), 164. https://doi.org/10.17977/um052v12i3p164-173
Hanida, J. R., & Rachmadiarti, F. (2022). The Ecosystem Problem-Based Learning E-module To Train Critical Thinking Skills During COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Biology Education, 11(2), 138–150. http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/ujbe
Hugerat, M., Kortam, N., Kassom, F., Algamal, S., & Asli, S. (2021). Improving the Motivation and the Classroom Climate of Secondary School Biology Students Using Problem-Based – Jigsaw Discussion (PBL-JD) Learning. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 17(12). https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/11304
Indrati, D. A., & Masing, F. A. (2025). Research Trends Of Augmented Reality In Biology Learning: A Systematic Literature Review From 2020-2024. Biosphere: Journal of Biology Education, 18(2), 145–159. https://doi.org/10.21009/biosferjpb.53911
Indriani, R. P., Kurniati, T. H., & Ristanto, R. H. (2024). The ARVi Learning App Makes Viruses Visible. Journal of Science Learning, 7(2), 145–154. https://doi.org/10.17509/jsl.v7i2.66512
Isyatul, S., & Trimulyono, G. (2023). Profile of Students' Misconceptions on Viral Material Using a Four-Tier Multiple Choice Diagnostic Test. Bioedu: Scientific Periodical of Biology Education, 12(2), 432–439.
Kalsum, N. I., & Roshayanti, F. (2023). The Effect of the Implementation of the Independent Curriculum on Critical Thinking Skills of Biodiversity Materials in UPGRIS Laboratory High School. JP3 (Journal of Education and Educator Profession), 9(2), 66–76. https://doi.org/10.26877/jp3.v9i2.17897
KoćJanucht, M. M., Schönborn, K. J., Roehrig, C., Chaudhri, V. K., Tibell, L. A. E., & Heller, H. C. (2022). “Connecting concepts helps put main ideas together”: cognitive load and usability in learning biology with an AI-enriched textbook. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-021-00317-3
Laswi, A. S., & Bungawati, B. (2024). Virtual tour based in augmented reality as a biology learning media. JPBI (Indonesian Journal of Biology Education), 10(3), 1049–1058. https://doi.org/10.22219/jpbi.v10i3.36578
Lestari, R. V., & Hindun. (2023). The Application of 4Cs (Communication, Colabboration, Critical Thingsking, Creativity) in the Independent Curriculum at the High School Level. Indonesian Language Education Research Journal, 3. http://ejurnal.pps.ung.ac.id/index.php/Reduplikasi/
Maryamah, M., Karolina, A., & Apriansyah, A. (2023). Implementation of the Independent Learning Curriculum in the Development of Critical Thinking Skills in Islamic Religious Education Learning. Muaddib: Islamic Education Journal, 6(1), 35–44. https://doi.org/10.19109/muaddib.v6i1.22153
Muliyani, R., Medrianti, R., & Putri, D. H. (2024). Development of Augmented Reality-Based Booklet Learning Media to Increase the Learning Motivation of High School Students. Navigation Physics : Journal of Physics Education, 6(1).
Pitaloka, K. A. W., Mahanal, S., & Prabaningtyas, S. (2024). Exploration of Misconceptions about Virus Material Based on Gender among High School Students in Malang. Bioedusiana: Journal of Biology Education, 9(1), 2024. https://doi.org/10.37058/bioed.v9i1.11666
Prihatin, J., Siswati, B. H., Suratno, S., Hariyadi, S., Wahono, B., & Febrianti, I. (2024). The Feasibility of Braind-Based Learning Matrix Digital Textbooks for the Digestive System to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills. Journal of Biology Learning Innovation, 5(1), 1–11. https://journal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jipb
Rahmayanti, S., Yeni, L. F., & Titin. (2025). Feasibility of Booklet on Bacteria's Role in Classification of Living Things for Monera Kingdom Class X SMA/MA. Bioedusiana: Journal of Biology Education, 10(1), 2025. https://doi.org/10.37058/bioed.v10.i1.12745
Resti, N., Ridwan, R., Palupy, R. T., & Riandi, R. (2024). Learning Media Innovation Using AR (Augmented Reality) in Digestive System Materials. BIODIK, 10(2), 238–248. https://doi.org/10.22437/biodik.v10i2.34022
Sakinah, S., Fitri, R., & Arsih, F. (2023). Development of 3-Dimensional Image-Based Digital Booklets in Biology Learning in High School/MA: Literature Review. Journal of Biology Education, 5(3), 126–140. http://journal.uin-alauddin.ac.id/index.php/alahya/index
Sari, I. N. T., Rakhmawati, A., Ratnawati, D., Purwanti, N., & Yulianti. (2025). Quality Of Critical Thinking, Communication, Collaboration And Creativity Skills: Survey Of High School Students In Biology Learning. Biology Didactics: Journal of Biology Education Research, 9(1), 41–54.
Sarinami, P., & Zulyusri, Z. (2022). Meta-analysis of the validity of Booklet development as a teaching material supplement in high school/MA biology learning. Journal of Metaeducation: Scientific Journal of Education, 4(2), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.37058/metaedukasi.v4i2.5437
Setiawan, E., Darmawan, E., & Alamsyah, M. R. N. (2025). A Meta-analysis: Trends in the use of augmented reality in biology learning (2016-2025). Biosphere, 18(2), 353–369. https://doi.org/10.21009/biosferjpb.57782
Sholikha, A. M., Bachrib, B. S., & Dewi, U. (2024). Development of Problem-Based Augmented Reality Learning Media in Biological Virus Materials. JIIP (Scientific Journal of Educational Sciences), 7(3), 2663–2668. http://Jiip.stkipyapisdompu.ac.id
Sudiati. (2023). Discourse readability of Indonesian language textbooks for middle school and high school/vocational schools. Diksi, 31(2), 224–232. https://doi.org/10.21831/diksi.v31i1.64681
Supriyadi, N. M., Ramdhan, B., & Juhanda, A. (2022). The Effectiveness of Smartphone Based Augmented Reality Media on Visual Communication Ability and Student Motivation in Biology Learning. BIODIK: Scientific Journal of Biology Education, 08, 99–109. https://doi.org/10.22437/bio.v8i3.18857
Suryadi, A., Suryaningsih, Y., & Aripin, I. (2023). Problem-Based Learning Assisted by Video Media on Viral Materials for Biological Problem Solving. Journal of Biological Pedagogy (JPPB), 1(1), 9–16. https://ejournal.unma.ac.id/index.php/bp/
Taufik, W., Lutri, Zulyusri, & Arsih, F. (2022). Meta-Analysis of the Influence of Problem Based Learning Model on Critical Thinking Skills. Bioscience: Journal of Education, VIII(I). http://jurnal.radenfatah.ac.id/index.php/bioilmi
Warouw, Z. W. M., Karo, N. A. B., & Nanlohy, F. N. (2025). Student Learning Difficulties in Understanding the Concept of Virus at SMA Negeri 1 Tondano. Edu Cendikia: Scientific Journal of Education, 5(02), 577–590. https://doi.org/10.47709/educendikia.v5i02.6684
Wijnia, L., Noordzij, G., Arends, L. R., Rikers, R. M. J. P., & Loyens, S. M. M. (2024). The Effects of Problem-Based, Project-Based, and Case-Based Learning on Students’ Motivation: a Meta-Analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 36(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-024-09864-3
Xu, W., Ye, T., & Wang, X. (2021). The effectiveness of the problem-based learning in medical cell biology education: A systematic meta-analysis. In Medicine (United States) (Vol. 100, Number 39, p. E27402). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000027402
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29100/eduproxima.v8i4.11663
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.