TRANSFORMASI PEMBELAJARAN IPA SEKOLAH DASAR MELALUI DISCOVERY LEARNING BERBASIS VIRTUAL REALITY: PENINGKATAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PADA MATERI TATA SURYA

Sarry Sumiyaty, Ucu Rahayu, Ika Lestari

Abstract


Perkembangan teknologi pendidikan menuntut inovasi pembelajaran yang mampu mengintegrasikan pengalaman belajar interaktif dengan pengembangan keterampilan abad ke-21. Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh penerapan model discovery learning berbantuan teknologi Virtual Reality (VR) terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan motivasi belajar peserta didik pada materi IPA Tata Surya. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain eksperimen dengan dua kelompok: kelas eksperimen yang mendapatkan pembelajaran discovery learning berbantuan VR, dan kelas kontrol yang menggunakan metode cooperative learning. Instrumen pengumpulan data mencakup test kemampuan berpikir kritis, test pemahaman konsep, serta kuesioner motivasi belajar. Validitas dan reliabilitas instrumen telah diuji melalui analisis korelasi Pearson dan Cronbach’s Alpha. Hasil analysis of variance (Anova) menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan antara kedua kelompok, dengan nilai p < 0,05. Peserta didik di kelas eksperimen mengalami peningkatan skor berpikir kritis yang jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok kontrol, disertai peningkatan motivasi belajar yang signifikan. Integrasi VR menciptakan pengalaman imersif yang memudahkan visualisasi konsep astronomi kompleks, mendorong eksplorasi mandiri, dan memperkuat keterlibatan siswa. Dukungan penerapan strategi pembelajaran ini memerlukan pelatihan guru, ketersediaan perangkat memadai, dan adaptasi kurikulum. Dengan perencanaan yang tepat, pembelajaran berbasis discovery learning benbantuan VR dapat menjadi strategi efektif untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan sains di tingkat sekolah dasar.

Keywords


Anova; discovery learning; berpikir kritis; pembelajaran IPA; siswa sekolah dasar; virtual reality.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29100/.v8i2.8944

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